Differentiating Science Instruction

Every teacher knows and understands that it is very likely you will see a high diversity of learning abilities in your classroom. Reading and math ability, foundations of prior knowledge, and English Language proficiency are all individual factors that play a role in students comprehension of complex scientific concepts. Luckily, it is very easy to plan a science lesson that includes strategies for differentiation, such as hands on activities/experiments, inquiry opportunities, and kinesthetic, auditory or visual learning.

There are three main instructional factors when differentiating science lessons. The complexity of the content, the processes and techniques used to communicate the content, and the products produced by the student to demonstrate their understanding. Most differentiation strategies are aimed at one of these three factors, based on the students needs.

Implementing differentiation strategies:

Flexible Grouping: The use of flexible grouping is important in a science classroom. Students can benefit from working together to reach a common goal. The teacher should introduce the content or concept, then split students into groups which can be small groups, pair share, mixed ability, same ability, same interest etc. The teacher should keep regrouping students based on the complexity of the content, student interest, or learning styles.

A variety of resources, materials, and additional texts should always be readily available for students. These items can provide additional support based on visual learning, hands on learning, or can explain the content at a lower reading level for students who struggle with reading.

Use engaging role play or simulation activities. These activities allow for students to become more engaged in the lesson, which will help with their comprehension. Some activities can include experiments, computer simulations, debates, etc.

Orbital Studies: Allow students to pick a topic that they are interested in from a list related to a science concept or theme. Have the students create an individual investigation on the topic while guiding them as the teacher. This strategy allows for flexible pacing, complexity, and product produced by the student.

Variety of Assessments: Allow chances for students to demonstrate their understanding by using a non-standard assessment method. Some can include: experiments, lab practices, written explanations or opinions with supporting data, presentations, and multimedia projects.

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